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Presidential election

1800 presidential election

Thomas Jefferson won the 1800 election in the U.S. House of Representatives after no candidate secured an electoral majority.

November 1-December 3, 1800

Thomas Jefferson

Democratic-RepublicanDecided by: U.S. House

Thomas Jefferson became president after the 1800 election was decided by the U.S. House of Representatives — after an electoral-vote tie with Aaron Burr (7373). Running mate: Aaron Burr.

73
of 138 electoral votes
32.3%
turnout

Results

Vote breakdown
Thomas JeffersonDemocratic-Republican
73 EV
Aaron BurrDemocratic-Republican
73 EV
John AdamsFederalist
65 EV
Charles C. PinckneyFederalist
64 EV
Voter turnout

32.3%

Turnout rate

67.3K

Total votes cast

700.0K

Eligible voters

State results
StateElectoral votesWinnerMargin
Pennsylvania(PA)15
SplitJefferson/Adams
0%
New York(NY)12
Democratic-RepublicanJefferson
+100%
Virginia(VA)21
Democratic-RepublicanJefferson
+100%
Massachusetts(MA)16
FederalistAdams
+100%
South Carolina(SC)8
Democratic-RepublicanJefferson
+100%
Swing states
New York
Flipped
Electoral votes:12
Margin:100%
Previous:Adams
South Carolina
Flipped
Electoral votes:8
Margin:100%
Previous:Adams

Candidates

Thomas Jefferson
Winner

Party

Democratic-Republican

Running mate

Aaron Burr

Home state

Virginia

Age at election

57

Previous position

Vice President of the United States

Electoral votes

73

John Adams

Party

Federalist

Running mate

Charles C. Pinckney

Home state

Massachusetts

Age at election

65

Previous position

2nd President of the United States (Incumbent)

Electoral votes

65

Voting demographics

Northern States

Adams

53%

Southern States

Jefferson

85%

Key events

Campaign timeline
major
February 1801

House Election

36 ballots required to break Jefferson-Burr tie

major
1798

Alien and Sedition Acts

Federalist laws suppressing dissent backfired

Issues & context

Key campaign issues
Alien and Sedition Acts
States' Rights
French Revolution Response
Federal Power
Religious Freedom
Historical context

Called 'Revolution of 1800.' First peaceful transfer of power between parties. Electoral College tie between Jefferson and Burr sent election to House. Hamilton's influence gave Jefferson the win. Led to 12th Amendment.

Economic conditions

Post-Quasi War with France. Trade recovering. Land speculation in West. Hamilton's financial system functioning but controversial.

Incumbent factors

Adams lost Federalist support with peace overture to France. Alien and Sedition Acts unpopular. Federalist Party split between Adams and Hamilton factions.

Legacy and impact

First peaceful transfer between opposing parties. Established American democratic tradition. Led to 12th Amendment fixing Electoral College. Virginia Dynasty began. Federalists never recovered presidency.

Did you know?

  • 1.Called 'Revolution of 1800' by Jefferson
  • 2.36 House ballots required to break tie
  • 3.Hamilton endorsed Jefferson over Burr
  • 4.Led directly to Burr-Hamilton duel in 1804
  • 5.First truly partisan election campaign

This site explains the structure and history of U.S. federal elections and is not an official government resource. All data shown is for educational purposes only.