Skip to main content

Presidential election

1796 presidential election

John Adams defeated Thomas Jefferson, winning 71 of 138 electoral votes.

November 4-December 7, 1796

John Adams

Federalist

John Adams won the 1796 presidential election with 71 of 138 electoral votes. Running mate: Thomas Pinckney.

71
of 138 electoral votes
20.1%
turnout

Results

Vote breakdown
John AdamsFederalist
71 EV
Thomas JeffersonDemocratic-Republican
68 EV
Thomas PinckneyFederalist
59 EV
Aaron BurrDemocratic-Republican
30 EV
Voter turnout

20.1%

Turnout rate

66.8K

Total votes cast

600.0K

Eligible voters

State results
StateElectoral votesWinnerMargin
Pennsylvania(PA)15
Democratic-RepublicanJefferson
+11%
New York(NY)12
FederalistAdams
+100%
Virginia(VA)21
Democratic-RepublicanJefferson
+100%
Massachusetts(MA)16
FederalistAdams
+100%
South Carolina(SC)8
FederalistAdams
0%
Swing states
Pennsylvania
Flipped
Electoral votes:15
Margin:11%
Previous:Washington

Candidates

John Adams
Winner

Party

Federalist

Running mate

Thomas Pinckney

Home state

Massachusetts

Age at election

61

Previous position

Vice President of the United States

Electoral votes

71

Thomas Jefferson

Party

Democratic-Republican

Running mate

Aaron Burr

Home state

Virginia

Age at election

53

Previous position

Secretary of State

Electoral votes

68

Voting demographics

Northern States

Adams

58%

Southern States

Jefferson

75%

Key events

Campaign timeline
major
September 1796

Washington's Farewell Address

Warned against parties and foreign entanglements

major
1795

Jay Treaty

Controversial treaty with Britain divided nation

Issues & context

Key campaign issues
Jay Treaty with Britain
French Revolution
Neutrality in European Wars
Hamilton's Economic Program
National Bank
Historical context

First contested presidential election. Washington declined third term. Political parties emerged despite warnings. Under original Constitution, runner-up became VP, creating Adams-Jefferson administration of opposing parties.

Economic conditions

Stability under Hamilton's system. Trade recovering after Revolution. Bank of United States functioning. Western land speculation.

Incumbent factors

Washington not running. Adams was heir apparent as VP. Jefferson led opposition. Hamilton schemed against Adams despite same party.

Legacy and impact

First contested election. First transfer of power from incumbent. President and VP from opposing parties (corrected by 12th Amendment). Established two-party tradition.

Did you know?

  • 1.First contested presidential election
  • 2.Jefferson became VP despite being Adams's opponent
  • 3.Hamilton tried to manipulate Electoral College against Adams
  • 4.Only election where President and VP opposed each other
  • 5.Last election before 12th Amendment changed VP selection

This site explains the structure and history of U.S. federal elections and is not an official government resource. All data shown is for educational purposes only.