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Presidential election

1948 presidential election

Harry S. Truman defeated Thomas E. Dewey, winning 303 of 531 electoral votes and 49.6% of the popular vote.

November 2, 1948

Harry S. Truman

Democratic

Harry S. Truman won the 1948 presidential election with 303 of 531 electoral votes, and 49.6% of the popular vote. Running mate: Alben W. Barkley.

303
of 531 electoral votes
49.6%
popular vote
51.1%
turnout

Results

Vote breakdown
Harry S. TrumanDemocratic
49.6%(24.2M votes)
303 EV
Thomas E. DeweyRepublican
45.1%(22.0M votes)
189 EV
Strom ThurmondDixiecrat
2.4%(1.2M votes)
39 EV
Henry A. WallaceProgressive
2.4%(1.2M votes)
0 EV
Voter turnout

51.1%

Turnout rate

48.8M

Total votes cast

95.0M

Eligible voters

State results
StateElectoral votesWinnerMargin
New York(NY)47
RepublicanDewey
+1%
California(CA)25
DemocraticTruman
+0.4%
Ohio(OH)25
DemocraticTruman
+0.3%
Illinois(IL)28
DemocraticTruman
+0.8%
South Carolina(SC)8
DixiecratThurmond
+72%
Swing states
Ohio
Flipped
Electoral votes:25
Margin:0.3%
Previous:Dewey
California
Held
Electoral votes:25
Margin:0.4%
Previous:Roosevelt
Illinois
Held
Electoral votes:28
Margin:0.8%
Previous:Roosevelt

Candidates

Harry S. Truman
Winner

Party

Democratic

Running mate

Alben W. Barkley

Home state

Missouri

Age at election

64

Previous position

33rd President of the United States (Incumbent)

Campaign slogan

"Give 'Em Hell, Harry!"

Popular vote

24.2M

(49.6%)

Electoral votes

303

Thomas E. Dewey

Party

Republican

Running mate

Earl Warren

Home state

New York

Age at election

46

Previous position

Governor of New York

Popular vote

22.0M

(45.1%)

Electoral votes

189

Strom Thurmond

Party

States' Rights (Dixiecrat)

Running mate

Fielding L. Wright

Home state

South Carolina

Age at election

45

Previous position

Governor of South Carolina

Popular vote

1.2M

(2.4%)

Electoral votes

39

Henry A. Wallace

Party

Progressive

Running mate

Glen H. Taylor

Home state

Iowa

Age at election

59

Previous position

Former Vice President

Popular vote

1.2M

(2.4%)

Electoral votes

0

Voting demographics

Labor Unions

Truman

66%

African Americans

Truman

77%

Farmers

Truman

52%

Key events

Campaign timeline
major
July 1948

Democratic Convention Civil Rights Plank

Led to Dixiecrat walkout

major
November 3, 1948

'Dewey Defeats Truman' Headline

Chicago Tribune's premature, incorrect headline

Issues & context

Key campaign issues
Civil Rights
Cold War Beginning
Taft-Hartley Act (Labor)
Marshall Plan
Berlin Crisis
Historical context

Greatest upset in American history. All polls predicted Dewey win. Truman's whistle-stop campaign succeeded. Party split both left (Wallace) and right (Thurmond). 'Dewey Defeats Truman' became iconic.

Economic conditions

Postwar prosperity. Some inflation concerns. Labor disputes. Marshall Plan rebuilding Europe. Cold War beginning.

Incumbent factors

Truman deeply unpopular with polls showing loss. Do-Nothing Congress provided effective target. Dewey overconfident, ran cautious campaign.

Legacy and impact

Greatest polling upset ever. Dewey never ran again. Civil rights became national issue. Dixiecrat revolt presaged later party realignment.

Did you know?

  • 1.'Dewey Defeats Truman' photo is iconic
  • 2.Polls predicted Dewey win by landslide
  • 3.Truman gave 352 whistle-stop speeches
  • 4.Four-way race with two major third parties
  • 5.Last election with all polls wrong

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