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Presidential election

1852 presidential election

Franklin Pierce defeated Winfield Scott, winning 254 of 296 electoral votes and 50.8% of the popular vote.

November 2, 1852

Franklin Pierce

Democratic

Franklin Pierce won the 1852 presidential election with 254 of 296 electoral votes, and 50.8% of the popular vote. Running mate: William R. King.

254
of 296 electoral votes
50.8%
popular vote
69.6%
turnout

Results

Vote breakdown
Franklin PierceDemocratic
50.8%(1.6M votes)
254 EV
Winfield ScottWhig
44%(1.4M votes)
42 EV
John P. HaleFree Soil
4.9%(155.2K votes)
0 EV
Voter turnout

69.6%

Turnout rate

3.1M

Total votes cast

3.8M

Eligible voters

State results
StateElectoral votesWinnerMargin
New York(NY)35
DemocraticPierce
+2.1%
Pennsylvania(PA)27
DemocraticPierce
+3%
Ohio(OH)23
DemocraticPierce
+0.5%
Massachusetts(MA)13
WhigScott
+5.2%
Vermont(VT)5
WhigScott
+22.3%
Swing states
Ohio
Flipped
Electoral votes:23
Margin:0.5%
Previous:Taylor
New York
Flipped
Electoral votes:35
Margin:2.1%
Previous:Taylor

Candidates

Franklin Pierce
Winner

Party

Democratic

Running mate

William R. King

Home state

New Hampshire

Age at election

47

Previous position

Brigadier General, U.S. Senator from New Hampshire

Campaign slogan

"We Polked You in '44, We'll Pierce You in '52"

Popular vote

1.6M

(50.8%)

Electoral votes

254

Winfield Scott

Party

Whig

Running mate

William A. Graham

Home state

Virginia

Age at election

65

Previous position

Commanding General of the U.S. Army

Campaign slogan

"Old Fuss and Feathers"

Popular vote

1.4M

(44%)

Electoral votes

42

Voting demographics

Northern States

Pierce

48%

Southern States

Pierce

57%

Key events

Campaign timeline
moderate
June 1852

Democratic Convention

Pierce emerged as dark horse after 49 ballots

major
1852

Uncle Tom's Cabin Published

Harriet Beecher Stowe's novel galvanized anti-slavery sentiment

Issues & context

Key campaign issues
Compromise of 1850
Fugitive Slave Act Enforcement
Expansion of Slavery
Manifest Destiny
Internal Improvements
Historical context

Last election won by Whig Party candidate (even in loss). Both parties tried to avoid slavery issue. Compromise of 1850 temporarily eased sectional tensions. Pierce seen as 'Northern man with Southern principles.'

Economic conditions

Post-Mexican War prosperity. California Gold Rush boosting economy. Railroad construction accelerating. Rapid territorial and population growth.

Incumbent factors

Fillmore (Whig) passed over for nomination in favor of military hero Scott. Democrats chose unknown Pierce specifically because he had few enemies.

Legacy and impact

Whig Party collapsed after this defeat. Pierce's Kansas-Nebraska Act destroyed his presidency and party unity. Set stage for Republican Party emergence. Last pre-Civil War Democratic dominance.

Did you know?

  • 1.Pierce's son was killed in train accident between election and inauguration
  • 2.Pierce is often ranked as one of worst presidents
  • 3.Whig Party never recovered from this loss
  • 4.Pierce won 27 of 31 states - one of most lopsided electoral margins
  • 5.Scott was the last Whig presidential nominee

This site explains the structure and history of U.S. federal elections and is not an official government resource. All data shown is for educational purposes only.